Transformer higher than voltage rated 132kv usually provided with a fire protection system because impact of fire in transformer is very dangerous. Transformer will be destroyed immediately when heat generated as transformer oil is highly flammable resulting power outage in a section of the power system.
A system that is responsible for the safety of a transformer from fire in a power system is known as transformer fire protection system. A fire protection system is activated through flame detector on outdoor transformer and through a smoke detector on indoor transformers.
Causes of Fire in Transformers
Some causes of fire in a transformer installed in a power system has listed below.
- Lightning
- Excessive Overheating
- Severe Short Circuit
- High Wind
- Cable Terminal Failure
- Tank Rapture
- Internal Arcing
- Insulation Failure
Detection of Fire in Transformer
There are two activation thresholds for detection of fire in transformer which are listed below.
- Abnormal Temperature Raises
- Anomalies in Cooling Oil Tank
If anyone of the above event occurs, alarm get activated and information is shared with the control room.
Components of Fire Protection System
There are various components used in fire protection system. Some of them are listed below.
- Fire Alarm
- Alarm Monitoring System
- Suppressant Delivery System
- Backup Power Supply
- Alarm Control Panel